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Gradiška ()〔(the official web site of the municipality ) Gradiška/Градишка.〕 is a town and municipality in northwestern Bosnia and Herzegovina, part of the Republika Srpska entity. The municipality is geographically located in eastern Krajina region, and the town is situated on the Lijevče plain, on the right bank of the Sava river across from Stara Gradiška, Croatia, and about north of Banja Luka. ==History== In the Roman period, the ''municipium'' of Serbinum existed on the location of the present-day town. It was of strategical importance; a port of the Roman fleet was situated here. Among notable archaeological findings are a viaduct. Gradiški Brod is mentioned for the first time as a town in 1330. It had a major importance as the location where the Sava river used to be crossed. By 1537, the town and its surroundings came under Ottoman rule. The Ottoman built a fortress, which served as the Bosnia Eyalet's northern defense line. Following the outbreak of the First Serbian Uprising (1804), in the Sanjak of Smederevo (modern Central Serbia), the ''Jančić's Revolt'' broke out in the Gradiška region against the Ottoman government in the Bosnia Eyalet, following the erosion of the economic, national and religious rights of Serbs. Hajduks also arrived from Serbia, and were especially active on the Kozara. Jovan Jančić Sarajlija organized the uprising with help from Metropolitan Benedikt Kraljević. The peasants took up arms on 23 September 1809, in the region of Gradiška, beginning from Mašići. The fighting began on 25 September, and on the same night, the Ottomans captured and executed Jančić. The rebels retreated to their villages, except those in Kozara and Motajica who continued, and offered strong resistance until their defeat in mid-October, after extensive looting and burning of villages by the Ottomans.〔Стојан Бијелић. Машићка буна. Врбаске новине бр. 107 ст. 5, 1933. (извор)〕 Another revolt broke out in 1834, in Mašići.〔(:: Www.Gradiskasela.Net :: )〕 Ottoman rule ended with the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1878), following the Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77). Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina ended in 1918, when the South Slavic Austro-Hungarian territories proclaimed the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which subsequently joined the Kingdom of Serbia into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. From 1929 to 1941 Gradiška was part of the Vrbas Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. During Yugoslavia, the town was known as ''Bosanska Gradiška''. During the Bosnian War, the town was incorporated into Republika Srpska (). After the war, the RS National Assembly changed the name, omitting ''bosanska'' ("Bosnian"), as was done with many other towns (Kostajnica, Dubica, Novi Grad, Petrovo, Šamac). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gradiška, Bosnia and Herzegovina」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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